While advances in automobile design to reduce  injuries can also pose unique problems for the driver or passenger.  One of the most common product liabilities found in the automobile today is the 3-point seat belt restraint. The 3-point system has been instrumental in reducing fatalities, but can also contribute to injuries such as rib fracture, shoulder dislocation and spinal fracture.  Very little research has been published on these cases and the mechanism of injury.   Nourbakhsh, Patil, Vannemreddy and Smith (2009) reported their research in, “A Noncontiguous 2-Level Spinal Injury in a Young Female Driver Due to a 3-Point Seat Belt Restraint,” a paper published in a peer reviewed medically indexed scientific journal.   This paper’s focus was “to describe noncontiguous fracture and dislocations of the thoracolumbosacral spine in a 23-year-old female driver with a 3-point seat belt restraint” (Nourbakhsh et al., 2009,  p.

The back is a complicated structure of bones, joints, ligaments and muscles. You can sprain ligaments, strain muscles, rupture disks, and irritate joints, all of which can lead to back pain. While sports injuries or accidents can cause back pain, sometimes the simplest of movements—for example, picking up a pencil from the floor— can have painful results.

Strain/sprains can be permanent. There are 3 grades of sprain/strain: Grade 1: Overstretching of the ligament that is a transient condition that resolves

Strain/sprains can be permanent. There are 3 grades of sprain/strain: Grade 1: Overstretching of the ligament that is a transient condition that resolves.

I had a patient ask, “I was in a car accident and think I have whiplash, should I be concerned?” If you have been in an automobile collision and think you may have been injured it is cause for concern. “What do I need to know?” The information in this article is specific and will answer a lot of questions regarding whiplash injuries for auto collisions. What is whiplash